Project Management Concepts Alliance Project Expansion

Question: Discuss about Project Management Concepts for A Case Study on Alliance project expansion to Singapore? Answer: Introduction The overall Alliance Project has entered a new phase of development though expansion with its sister group in Singapore. This project represents the companys critical step towards re-establishing their company as a dominant force in this modern global economy by expansion of their services to Singapore. In this particular context, the project strategy must obey the directions of the parent organization and business strategy. Therefore, the Project manager will utilize the strong leader strategy as it selects its direction by creating a strong independent culture and feeling on the importance of making the project successful. For the successful conduction of this project, the Project manager will undertake the seven essential strategies as firstly defining of project objectives along with identification of the stakeholders. The project manager will then develop a team for the project by identifying their capabilities and strengths with the use of Belbins theory for team development an d critical evaluations will be carried out on the available staff profiles. The development of team will lead to the estimation of costs and preparing the estimated timeline for the project. The development of the Network diagram will reflect the tasks that can be processed simultaneously with the allocation of resources. Besides preparing the plan and estimating the budget for the execution of this project, the Project manager will also involve in handling the unexpected problems during the entire project timeline. In Section 2 of this report, the recalculated costs, network diagram and Gantt chart for the project is presented that is changed due to the unexpected problems. In Section 3 of this project, the focus is on the reuse of elements from the existing system. Furthermore, this section describes about the approach that can be used of the reuse along with scheduling of Fagan inspections and producing a BPR rationale for the development of a Singaporean customer interface. Selection of Project Team using Belbins Team Role Model The Belbin team role model is designed to use the talents and personalities of team members. Thus, the Project manager will utilize the psychological diversity in the team to its fullest potential of the team to improve its performance by working together more effectively. Between team members there are big differences in style, attitude, temperament and personality. The Project manager utilizes the Belbin Team Role Model as it explains these differences and helps to build a team by analyzing their strengths, weaknesses and achievements. Belbin (2012) suggests that, by understanding the role of the members within a particular team, the Project manager can develop the strengths and manage the weaknesses as a team member, and so improve the way each member contribute to the team. The project manager uses the Belbin model to help create more balanced team for this particular project. This model has an important role to play in this particular project as there are staffs with similar wor k strengths and thus there may arise a competition between the members for the tasks and responsibilities that best suit their natural styles. Hence, with the utilization of this model the team can be developed as balanced to ensure that necessary team roles are covered and that potential behavioral tensions or weaknesses among the team member are addressed. A team must consist of different roles to achieve maximum performance. The nine roles are essentially complementary. They complement and reinforce each other, but they can also contradict and compete with each other. A team role says a lot about the style of work of a team member and comes from the personality of the individual. Now according to the team development theory of Belbin (2012), there are nine major roles that are described below considering the staffs available for the Alliance Project expansion to Singapore as Roles related to action Shaper: In this connection the Network Analyst is considered as the shaper who will break down the system details and locate the best methodologies for taking care of the issues too guarantees that every one of the potential outcomes are considered. Implementer: The implementers mostly transform the group's thoughts and ideas into commonsense activities and arrangements. In context to the Alliance project expansion to Singapore, the IT specialist and the Network specialist will be allocated as implementers as they have the potential to develop the software as well as network required for the project. Completer-Finisher: Completer-Finishers are the general population who see that tasks are finished altogether. Therefore, this role can be assigned to the Operations Expert and the Senior Analyst, as they will address the progress of the project according to the mentioned specifications. Roles associated with people Resource Investigator: Resource Investigators are imaginative and inquisitive. For the successful execution of this project within the estimated timeline, the Developer and the programmer will play this role, as they will explore the available options to present the perfect specifications required by the stakeholders involved with this project. Group specialist: Team Workers are the general population who give backing and ensure that individuals inside of the group are cooperating successfully. The Test engineer is the suitable person for performing this role in the project, as this person is capable to support both the software development team as well as network development team. Co-organizer: Coordinators are the ones who tackle the customary group pioneer part additionally regularly referred to as the executive. In this project, the Business Analyst will be the responsible person to execute the mentioned functionalities and coordinate the team members for the successful execution of the project. Roles oriented to thought Plant: The Plant is the imaginative pioneer who thinks of new thoughts and methodologies. For conduction of this project, the senior programmer will act as a Plant as this person has the capability to innovate new ideas into the software development as well as network development tasks related to the project. Monitor-Evaluator: Monitor-Evaluators are best at examining and assessing thoughts that other individual for the most part that the Plant indicates in the task. Henceforth, this part can be played by the Senior Analyst to investigate the thoughts that will be given by the senior software engineer. Specialists: Specialists are individuals who have particular learning that is expected to take care of business (Belbin 2012). In this context to the Alliance Project expansion to Singapore, there are three IT specialists and two Network specialists who will carry out the necessary arrangements with their skills and abilities for the successful execution of the project. Critical evaluation on the staff profiles In this project on the expansion venture of Alliance to Singapore, there are overall 22 staffs available to execute the tasks and they have various skills as well as experiences in their field of work. The team for the execution of the project comprises of 2 Business analyst, 2 Developers, 1 IT specialist, 1 Network specialist, 1 Operations expert, 2 Programmer, 1 Senior developer and 1 Senior programmer along with 1 Test Engineer. The most suitable staffs for the conduction of this project are as below Business Analyst: This person will be responsible for the strategic thinking in context to the requirements of the project as well as analyzing the business objectives of the organization involved with the project. There will be two Business analysts so the potential staffs are Ben Shneiderman with 6 Years experience and work quality scoring of 8 out of 10 along with Martin Heidegger, though this person has 1 year experience in field work but has a quality score of 8 out of 10. Developers: The developers will associate themselves with the development of the software module as well as network development by analysing the requirements for successful conduction of this project. In this project there will be two developers appointed so the suitable staffs are Bruno Latour with 12 years experience and work quality score of 8 along with Xristine Faulkner having 6 years experience and work quality score of 7 out of 10. IT specialist: This specialist will be focused towards the development of the software module and presenting new innovative ideas that can be helpful for resolving the issues arising in context to development functions in this project. Han Solo with 17 year experience and work quality score of 7 along with Manuel De Landa having two year experience with 6 work quality score are the potential staffs that can be allocated in this project. Network specialist: There will be only one specialist regarding network in this particular project for analyzing the network requirement and developing the network according to the specifications. The most capable staff in this context is John Dewey with 4-year experience and 8 work quality score that means this personality has the ability to perform the allocated duties in an appropriate manner. Operations Expert: In this expansion project to Singapore by Alliance, only one staff is capable to handle the operation of the various tasks. Tim Breners-Lee is the suitable person responsible for conducting the operational tasks related to the project with work quality score of 8 thus will contribute to the successful execution of the project. Programmer: The programmers are responsible for the coding part required to develop the software as well as network modules. These people will present the coding specifications for the development of the software. There will be two programmers in this project as Bootsy Collins having 13-year experience with quality score of 8 and Paul Dourish having 7 years experience and score of 8 regarding quality work as well as work behaviour. Senior Developer: There will be only one senior developer for this particular project and the most suitable person to hold this responsibility among the staffs is Michel Foucault having 7 years experience and a high work quality score and communication skills 9 out of 10. Senior Programmer: The senior programmer will be responsible for providing the new and innovative ideas as well as thoughts for the development of this project. In this project, there is only one person who is capable to conduct these operations as Nicolas Negroponte having 8 years experience and high work quality score of 8 and can operate well as a team worker. Test Engineer: The test engineer will be solely responsible for conducting the tests on the developed software or network modules associated in this project. The test engineer must have high quality work score as well as good communication skills. Hence, the suitable person to hold this responsibility is Gilles Deleuze having 1 year experience but with a work quality score of 7 and a very good performer as a team along with communication skills scoring 6 out of 10. Rationale to support the team selection This team in the project has been developed to successfully execute the project as in any project the team members have an important role to play for performing the various activities. The team is developed by evaluating the professional skills as well as assessing their quality of work and the other factors that present the capability of a person as a team member (Orchard et al. 2012). This team reflects diversity but at the same time, there will be a great collaboration among the team members as the best suitable person has been chosen after evaluating their various qualities as well as professional skills. Initial Estimated project cost The initial budget for the project with the various tasks is $190,712.00. The below figure reflects the cost information for all top-level tasks to present the projects cumulative cost and the cost per quarter. Figure 1: Total Cash Flow for the Project (Source: Created by Author) The total cost estimation is provided by calculating the costs associated with the various activities in the project. The top-level tasks costs are calculated to present the overall estimated cost as below: Figure 2: Costs associated with Top level tasks (Source: Created by Author) Critical rationale for the estimated cost The cost estimation is a crucial factor in almost any software development project. The estimated cost has been calculated taking into account the costs associated with the various top-level tasks, as this comprises of the various sub tasks that are carried out by the allocated resources (Kauffeld and Willenbrock 2012). This estimated budget for the whole project will represent the success of the project and will help to evaluate the various options that can be considered to complete the project within estimated time. This cost has been estimated with proper planning to make decisions for success of the project. Initial Network Diagram for the Project Figure 3: Network Diagram for the Project (Source: Created by Author) Explanation of the tasks and dependencies on the critical path Figure 4: Gantt chart representing Critical tasks (Source: Created by Author) The above figure represents the critical tasks along with the dependencies of the various tasks denoted by the predecessor column in which it is set to show that a task will start only after completion of the proviso task. In this context, the Initial design will take place only after Requirements gathering (Dorairaj, Noble and Malik 2012). The Design phase will be followed by Development phase. After the completion of Development, the Network Implementation will be carried out successively followed by Integration, Test Review and then moving towards the end of the project. In this Project, almost every task is Critical task as the resources available does not suffices with the estimated time for the completion of the tasks. Initial Gantt chart for the Project The Grant chart demonstrates the Work Schedule and time that will be required to finish the Project. It likewise indicates overcomes where the Project needs and ought to be concealed to finish the system inside evaluated course of events and additionally it portrays the Start and End of the Project and figures out if it will be conveyed on time or not. Figure 5: Initial Gantt chart for the Project (Source: Created by Author) Management of the unexpected problems as Project Manager Problems Week 2: The duration of task Software programming / coding has reduced to 15 days. Week 3: The timescale of Integration testing has increased to 12 days Week 4: Neither of the Networks Specialists is available due to a severe crisis in another project Week 5: Walter White and his contract has been terminated Week 6: Han Solo has passed away over the weekend Week 7: Bill Gates and Steve Wozniak leave the team to set up their own business Solutions Week 2: The Project manager will allocate more resources for the completion of the project within estimated timeline. Week 3: The Project manager can reduce the amount of resources allocated for this task. Week 4: The project manager will present the tasks allocated for the Network specialist to Douglas Adams. Week 5: The Project manager will have to find and allocate a new Network analyst for completion of the project within the estimated cost and timeline. Week 6: The Project manager will arrange the tasks accordingly scheduling one-day holiday for the team members to attend the funeral of Han Solo. Week 7: The departure of Bill Gates and Steve Wozniak will not have a significant impact on the project though the Project Manager will have to arrange the available Business analyst and senior analyst to perform additional duties. Rationale Week 2: The allocation of additional resources is required to achieve the success of the project within the estimated timeline. Week 3: The allocated resources can be reduced, as this task will be completed within estimated time due to increase in the duration. Week 4: Now Douglas Adams have been outsourced the tasks related to network specialist so the project manager will provide the necessary details to the dedicated person. Week 5: As Walter White and his contract have been terminated so the Project manager must find new resources for completion of the tasks. Week 6: The project manager can arrange a one-day extension on the tasks as Han solo was an important member in the team so it is essential to visit the ceremony. Week 7: The project manager will allocate the available resources to execute the various tasks associated with the people who have left the group as this project needs to be accomplished within the estimated timeline. Recalculation of the project costs, Network Diagram and Gantt chart Costs associated with the Project The costs associated to the project have reduced due to the necessary arrangements being made in the project schedule after the occurrence of unexpected problems. The overall budget for the project is presented as below: Figure 6: Recalculated Budget for the Project (Source: Created by Author) The costs involved in execution of the various tasks have also reduced as below: Figure 7: Recalculated Costs associated with various tasks (Source: Created by Author) Network Diagram for the Project Figure 8: Recalculated Network Diagram for the Project (Source: Created by Author) The overall duration of the project has increased to 74 days instead of 72 days. Gantt chart for the Project Figure 9: Recalculated Gantt chart of the Project (Source: Created by Author) The recalculated Gantt chart represents the tasks that have been changed is highlighted in yellow and the duration of overall project is now 74 days. Development technology used for the reuse of existing system In most engineering disciplines, frameworks are outlined by making existing segments that have been utilized as a part of different frameworks (Coulange 2012). Programming building has been more centered around unique advancement however, it is presently perceived that to accomplish better programming, even more rapidly and at lower cost, we have to receive a configuration process that depends on efficient programming reuse. Programming reuse is the procedure by which existing programming items are reused in another advancement exertion, for the most part with negligible adjustment. Like different cases of reuse, programming reuse looks to make new items utilizing beforehand created designs and parts. To finish this, the product space touches on angles like those portrayed in item improvement, area and application building by regularly making programming that are either components intended to be reused completely or sufficiently nonexclusive to be connected to concentrated cases. Int erestingly, regarding effectively reusing programming, Holmes and Walker (2012) contends that a product module must be called "reusable" on the off chance that it has been effectively reused. In this connection to the Alliance extension venture to Singapore, the advantages are considered to effectively introduce the budgetary terms despite the fact that these are not generally accessible, for example, the expense of building up the item without reuse. Reuse Approach to be used in this project Reuse is conceivable at a scope of levels from straightforward capacities to finish application frameworks (Mojica et al. 2014). Despite the fact that reuse is frequently just thought, as the reuse of framework segments, a wide range of ways to deal with reuse might be utilized. The most suitable approach comprises of the various techniques that can be adapted in context to this particular project is described as below: Application product lines An application sort is summed up around a typical design with the goal that it can be adjusted in various courses for various clients. COTS integration Frameworks are created by coordinating existing application frameworks. Configurable vertical applications A generic framework is composed so it can be arranged to the requirements of particular framework clients. Program libraries Class and capacity libraries actualizing usually utilized deliberations are accessible for reuse (Beringer Jonas and Kock 2013). Program generators A generator framework inserts learning of specific sorts of use and can create frameworks or framework sections in that area. Aspect-oriented software development Shared parts are woven into an application at better places when the system is gathered. Table 1: Reuse Approach for this Project Justification for the Approach This approach is the most suitable for reusing the existing systems in context to this project, as it will provide flexibility to the customers as well as Alliance while expanding their network to Singapore (Veryard 2014). In this approach the classes and library functions can be utilized for preparing the new system as well as the application product lines will define a particular application type around a common architecture so that it can be adapted in different ways for different customers. Required sections for a quality manual A Quality Manual gives the standard methodology to overseeing and conveying data innovation frameworks arrangements. The Quality System portrayed here applies to the administration and conveyance of data innovation frameworks arrangements. The extent of this Quality System will incorporate the outline, advancement, conveyance and upkeep of use programming (Kerzner 2013). The Quality Manual expresses the Quality Policy of this association, depicts the Quality System, recognizes the association's dedication to quality, and portrays the procedures included in the conveyance of frameworks arrangements, with cross-references to more definite data in the learning base. Hence, the major required sections that must be included in a quality manual are Quality System Framework comprising of Quality Policy, Quality Roles and Responsibilities, Quality System Reviews, Quality Manual Maintenance etc. The other sections are Life Cycle Activities, Quality Assurance, Project Control, Financial Report ing, Configuration Management, Purchasing and Training. Scheduling of Fagan Inspections A Fagan review is an organized procedure of attempting to discover imperfections being developed records, for example, programming code, details, outlines and others amid different periods of the product improvement process (Fagan 2001). Fagan Inspection characterizes a procedure as a specific action with a pre-indicated passage and way out criteria. In each action or operation for which section and leave criteria are determined Fagan Inspections can be utilized to approve if the yield of the procedure agrees to the way out criteria indicated for the procedure. Fagan Inspection utilizes a gathering survey technique used to assess yield of a given procedure. Programming investigations include cooperation and are composed by a mediator. Fagan (2001) states that the assessment will be effective if all colleagues assume out their parts completely all the while. In rundown, the accompanying assessment process parts are portrayed: Moderator: This is the key individual, for example, the Business Analyst will deal with the group and arrange the review process Author (planner or coder): The software engineer will deliver the system outline and might even make an interpretation of the configuration into code Reader: The Senior software engineer will summarize the outline or code amid the meeting (Doolan 1992) Tester: The Test specialist will survey the item from testing perspective Fagan's examination additionally comprises of six noteworthy strides to be taken after: Figure 10: Fagans Inspections Six steps (Source: Fagan 2001, pp. 335-360) Planning: An assessment group is framed and the parts are allotted to colleagues. Overview: A discretionary stage where the assessment group is educated about the item Preparation: Individual commentators assess the material freely. The assessment material might be a result of investigation, configuration, (for example, substance relationship charts, information stream graphs, state-move outlines or a content particular) or coding. The point of arrangement is to take in the material and to satisfy their doled out parts (Parr and Lopes 2013). Examination: It is likewise assembled review conference. The point of the meeting is not to examine or assess the arrangement but rather to discover and to pool the imperfections together. The mediator, who manages the meeting, takes notes and readies a rundown of imperfections (Marchewka 2014). Rework: The deformities, to be checked by the arbitrator, are amended by the creator. A few items must be improved and re-assessed a few times if fundamental. Follow-up: The mediator checks and confirms every remedy. BPR rationale for the development of a Singaporean customer interface BPR has been widely adopted by private businesses and has been a focus of research since the 1990s. The development of a Singaporean customer interface will attract more local customers who will be able to utilize the Alliance services in their native language and in this manner, there will expansion of their services in Singapore (Heagney 2012). The Singaporean customer interface will provide the customers with feasibility and flexibility to utilize the services. The old interface did not have the accessibility to local languages it only consisted of the global languages. This will lead to popularity among the local people and increased awareness to utilize their services all over Singapore. This development of Singaporean Customer interface will provide Alliance with an added advantage to spread their business in Singapore and there will be no requirement to spare additional resources to assist the customers due to language problems. Conclusion Project management techniques expect different limits as far as its key store necessities, arranging aptitudes, association instruments and venture administration capacities. The focal center and accentuation of the administration methodology is consummation of the venture inside of the time scale utilizing the restricted assets and the budgetary imperatives. The examination point of this study was to decide the real effects of frameworks for IT-based undertaking administration data upon task supervisors and venture execution. Even more particularly, one target was to recognize the principle determinants of undertaking administration ideas and decide the degree to which these frameworks help venture supervisors as far as expanded effectiveness, profitability and proficiency. Another target was to show signs of improvement comprehension of the commitment of these frameworks to the achievement of activities. Taking after the finishes of past examination that achievement models for unde rtaking administration ought to keep on being accepted and tested, the aftereffects of this exploration demonstrate that the utilization of a task administration data framework is truth be told profitable to venture supervisors. Enhancements in adequacy and proficiency in administrative errands were seen here as far as better venture arranging, planning, observing, and control. Upgrades in efficiency were additionally seen as far as choice making. References Belbin, R.M., 2012.Management teams. Routledge. Belbin, R.M., 2012.Team roles at work. Routledge. Beringer, C., Jonas, D. and Kock, A., 2013. Behavior of internal stakeholders in project portfolio management and its impact on success.International Journal of Project Management,31(6), pp.830-846. Burke, R., 2013.Project management: planning and control techniques. New Jersey, USA. Canils, M.C. and Bakens, R.J., 2012. The effects of Project Management Information Systems on decision making in a multi project environment.International Journal of Project Management,30(2), pp.162-175. Coulange, B., 2012.Software reuse. Springer Science Business Media. Cummings, T. and Worley, C., 2014.Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Doolan, E.P., 1992. Experience with Fagan's inspection method.Software: Practice and Experience,22(2), pp.173-182. Dorairaj, S., Noble, J. and Malik, P., 2012. Understanding team dynamics in distributed Agile software development. InAgile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming(pp. 47-61). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Fagan, M.E., 2001. Advances in software inspections. InPioneers and Their Contributions to Software Engineering(pp. 335-360). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Fukuda-Parr, S. and Lopes, C. eds., 2013.Capacity for development: new solutions to old problems. Routledge. Heagney, J., 2012.Fundamentals of project management. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Bibliography Heldman, K., 2013.PMP: project management professional exam study guide. John Wiley Sons. Hill, G.M., 2013.The complete project management office handbook. CRC Press. Holmes, R. and Walker, R.J., 2012. Systematizing pragmatic software reuse.ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM),21(4), p.20. Kauffeld, S. and Lehmann-Willenbrock, N., 2012. Meetings matter effects of team meetings on team and organizational success.Small Group Research,43(2), pp.130-158. Kerzner, H.R., 2013.Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Leach, L.P., 2014.Critical chain project management. Artech House. Lientz, B. and Rea, K., 2012.International project management. Routledge. Lock, D., Taylor, T., Funk, D. and Darcy, S., 2012. Exploring the development of team identification.Journal of Sport Management,26(4), pp.283-294. Marchewka, J.T., 2014.Information technology project management. John Wiley Sons. Mir, F.A. and Pinnington, A.H., 2014. Exploring the value of project management: linking project management performance and project success.International Journal of Project Management,32(2), pp.202-217. Mojica, I.J., Adams, B., Nagappan, M., Dienst, S., Berger, T. and Hassan, A.E., 2014. A large-scale empirical study on software reuse in mobile apps.Software, IEEE,31(2), pp.78-86. Morris, P.W., 2013.Reconstructing project management. John Wiley Sons. Orchard, C.A., King, G.A., Khalili, H. and Bezzina, M.B., 2012. Assessment of interprofessional team collaboration scale (AITCS): development and testing of the instrument.Journal of continuing education in the Health Professions,32(1), pp.58-67. Pelegrini Morita, P. and Marie Burns, C., 2014. Trust tokens in team development.Team Performance Management,20(1/2), pp.39-64. Phillips, J., 2013.PMP, Project Management Professional (Certification Study Guides). McGraw-Hill Osborne Media. Santos, R., Werner, C., Barbosa, O. and Alves, C., 2012, September. Software ecosystems: Trends and impacts on software engineering. InSoftware Engineering (SBES), 2012 26th Brazilian Symposium on(pp. 206-210). IEEE. Santos, R.P.D. and Werner, C.M.L., 2012, August. ReuseECOS: An approach to support global software development through software ecosystems. InGlobal Software Engineering Workshops (ICGSEW), 2012 IEEE Seventh International Conference on(pp. 60-65). IEEE. Schwalbe, K., 2015.Information technology project management. Cengage Learning. Schwittek, W. and Eicker, S., 2013, June. A study on third party component reuse in Java enterprise open source software. InProceedings of the 16th International ACM Sigsoft symposium on Component-based software engineering(pp. 75-80). ACM. Teller, J., Unger, B.N., Kock, A. and Gemnden, H.G., 2012. Formalization of project portfolio management: The moderating role of project portfolio complexity.International Journal of Project Management,30(5), pp.596-607. Unger, B.N., Gemnden, H.G. and Aubry, M., 2012. The three roles of a project portfolio management office: Their impact on portfolio management execution and success.International Journal of Project Management,30(5), pp.608-620. Veryard, R., 2014.The economics of Information Systems and software. Butterworth-Heinemann. Weglarz, J. ed., 2012.Project scheduling: recent models, algorithms and applications(Vol. 14). Springer Science Business Media. Yang, I., 2014. What makes an effective team? The role of trust (dis) confirmation in team development.European Management Journal,32(6), pp.858-869.